If you're obtaining a mortgage and contemplating whether to get a traditional home loan or adjustable rate mortgage (ARM), there are definitely some things you'll want to consider.

Before deciding on either, you'll want to understand the dynamics and look into the advantages and disadvantages of each. Some considerations to keep in mind are how long you intend on keeping the home; whether one of your intentions in buying a home is to build credit and what will give you the best annual percentage rate (APR) in the beginning and throughout the lifetime of the loan.

Traditional home loans are typically known as fixed rate mortgages (FRMs). The most popular FRM, a longer term mortgage, has the following characteristics:

* Payments are fixed throughout the term of the loan
* Are available from 15 to 40 years, in 5 year increments
* The shorter the loan term, the lower the interest rate
* The shorter the loan term, the less interest you will pay over the life of the loan
* The bulk of loan payments go to interest in the beginning of the loan
* There are penalties for early payoff on some FRMs - ask your lender

Included in FRMs is the balloon loan, a short-term, fixed-rate mortgage. The balloon loan has some advantages in that the interest is typically much lower and you have lower monthly payments than on a 15- to 40-year term loan. The terms are usually from 3 to 7 years, but you are required to pay the remaining balance in full at the end of the term.

If you are considering a balloon loan and think you will be keeping the home for a long period of time, obtain one with a refinancing option. Certain conditions will have to be met, but it allows you to convert the remaining balance of the loan into a longer fixed-rate mortgage at the end of the term without going through the buying process again.

With the caveat of the refinancing option, you don't have to go through another credit check or reapproval of the property. The interest assigned to the new loan will be at the current market rate at the time it is converted. A processing fee may be required when obtaining the new loan. You'll want to ask about this long before you agree to the balloon loan.

ARMs, on the other hand, provide you with a broad array of options, advantages and disadvantages. Similar to a balloon loan, the payments and interest rate are typically lower in the beginning of the ARM term. Periodic assessments are made throughout the lifetime of the loan, which can lower or raise your interest rate and monthly payment.

Keep in mind, interest rates typically are higher at the first assessment of the loan and often continue to rise. These kinds of loans, however, commonly have caps that put a ceiling on your maximum monthly payment that can be required of you throughout the lifetime of the loan. The excess will simply be added to the principal of your loan, which could extend the lifetime of your loan.

ARMs option ARMs are also available, can be very complex loans, so you'll want to understand the conditions of the loan, along with terminology applicable to the loan. Ask your lender prior to committing to an ARM about the advantages and disadvantages.

Generally, ARMS are best suited for those who are making an investment where rents are low and property values are high. This option allows you more cash flow. They also often benefit seasonal workers and those who own businesses where the revenues fluctuate.

Keep in mind, the interest rate on an ARM can adjust as soon as one month from the loan's inception, depending on the conditions of the loan. Some terminology to ask about and pay close attention to is:

* Lifetime cap limit
* Index
* Margin
* Periodic or adjustment cap limit
* Interest rate cap
* Loan recast
* Minimum payment factor

General advantages from a traditional mortgage are that you have significantly more flexible payment options and your monthly payments at the onset of your loan are much lower. One disadvantage is that if you only pay the minimum payment due monthly, your loan will recast at some point and your lender will recalculate your loan payments over the next 30 years based on your remaining balance. This could drastically raise your monthly loan payment.

Again, ask your lender as many questions as you can think of. Compare terms, advantages and disadvantages of each. Make sure you understand the terminology used and conditions prior to agreeing and signing to any loan.

Ki lives and works as a realtor in the Austin real estate market. There is comprehensive Austin home search on his website. His website also has detailed information on Austin real estate and a mortgage calculator widget.

Although we are not seeing too much movement it looks like mortgage rates are starting to trend upward. It's interesting to note that the stock market had its strongest July in several years. Once the economy has a full recovery there are some predictions that inflation will spike and mortgage rates will hit double digits. We are a ways from that but its interesting none the less to see rates slowly moving up and the economy slowly moves into recovery mode. All four of the major mortgage products moved up this week. The 30 year mortgage went from 5.20 to 5.25; the 15 year fixed went from 4.68 to 4.69. The 5 and 1 year arm went from 4.74 to 4.75 and 4.77 to 4.80 respectively. Below are rates from the last few weeks and from January 15, 2009 (6 months ago).

Jul 30, 2009
30-yr 5.25 15-yr 4.69 5-yr ARM 4.75 1-yr ARM 4.80

Jul 23, 2009
30-yr 5.20 15-yr 4.68 5-yr ARM 4.74 1-yr ARM 4.77

Jul 16, 2009
30-yr 5.14 15-yr 4.63 5-yr ARM 4.83 1-yr ARM 4.76

Jul 09, 2009
30-yr 5.20 15-yr 4.69 5-yr ARM 4.82 1-yr ARM 4.82

Jul 02, 2009
30-yr 5.32 15-yr 4.77 5-yr ARM 4.88 1-yr ARM 4.94

Jan 15, 2009
30-yr 4.96 15-yr 4.65 5-yr ARM 5.25 1-yr ARM 4.89

In addition to looking at rates it's always nice to translate them into actual mortgage payments. We used a mortgage calculator to translate a 200k loan into a mortgage payment based on current rates. We also did the same thing with rates from 2 weeks ago and rates from 6 months ago.

Jul 30
30-yr $1104.4
15-yr $1549.47
5-yr ARM $1043.29
1-yr ARM $1049.33

Jul 16
30-yr $1090.82
15-yr $1543.3
5-yr ARM $1052.96
1-yr ARM $1044.5

Jan 15
30-yr $1068.75
15-yr $1545.36
5-yr ARM $1104.4
1-yr ARM $1060.23

So while payments are higher (assuming one got a 30 year mortgage) they are not that much higher. Compared to 6 months ago a mortgage payment (on a 200k loan) would be $35.65 more a month or 3.33 percent higher. Enough for a fee extra coffee's a month but nothing substantial. But if rates spike up to 10 percent (as some predict) the payment would be 1755.14 which would be a 58.92 percent increase.

So what is our advice? As has been true for the last year I would avoid the arms like the plague. Although rates are up over the last few months historically speaking rates are still very low. There are very few cases where it makes sense to get an arm and risk refinancing in a few years at potentially a much higher rate. And if rates go down substantially (which is pretty unlikely) one can always refinance at the lower rate.

Also in the same vein if one is considering getting a mortgage in the next month or so I would suggest looking in early if one can do so without extra fees. Although rates could go either way there is a more of a risk of them moving up than down over the next month.


Ki writes frequently about mortgage rates. In addition to providing information about Austin Tx real estate his site provides a mortgage widget and a free mortgage calculator.